{"id":4475,"date":"2021-02-06T18:17:32","date_gmt":"2021-02-06T10:17:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/holyland.ccreadbible.org\/?p=4475"},"modified":"2021-02-06T20:08:41","modified_gmt":"2021-02-06T12:08:41","slug":"petra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/holyland.ccreadbible.org\/index.php\/petra\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f69\u7279\u62c9"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\u4f69\u7279\u62c9\uff08Petra\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u5e0c\u81d8\u8a9e\u03a0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u662f\u300c\u5ca9\u77f3\u300d\uff1b\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8a9e\uff1a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0621\uff09\u662f\u7d04\u65e6\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u53e4\u57ce\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u5b89\u66fc\u5357250\u516c\u91cc\u8655\uff0c\u96b1\u85cf\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8c37\u6771\u5074\u7684\u4e00\u689d\u5ef6\u81ea\u6b7b\u6d77\u81f3\u4e9e\u5580\u5df4\u7063\u7684\u72f9\u7a84\u5cfd\u8c37\u5167\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u662f\u5176\u77f3\u96d5\u5efa\u7bc9\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Petra\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u540d\u5b57\u662fRekem\uff0c\u548cMount Seir\u76f8\u9023\u7684\u6b7b\u6d77\u5377\u8ef8\u66fe\u6709\u8a18\u8f09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cEusebius\u548cJerome\u4e5f\u66fe\u5ba3\u7a31Rekem\u662fPetra\u7684\u672c\u540d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6Josephus, Pliny the Elder\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u6307\u51faPetra\u662f\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\uff08Nebataeans\uff1a\u8aaa\u963f\u62c9\u7f8e\u8a9e\u7684\u65cf\u4eba\uff09\u7684\u9996\u90fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u6642\u5546\u968a\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002Petra\u88ab\u9ad8\u8073\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u8207\u5e38\u5e74\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u6eaa\u6d41\u74b0\u7e5e\u5305\u570d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5929\u7136\u5c4f\u969c\u4f7f\u5979\u6210\u70ba\u5b89\u5168\u5821\u58d8\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u7531\u65bc\u4f4d\u5c45\u4ea4\u901a\u6a1e\u7d10\uff0c\u800c\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5546\u696d\u9053\u8def\uff1a\u897f\u5f80\u8fe6\u5357\u3001\u5317\u901aBosra\u548c\u5927\u99ac\u58eb\u9769\u3001\u7d93\u7531Aqaba\u548cLeuce\u524d\u5f80\u7d05\u6d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u8d8a\u6c99\u6f20\u901a\u5f80\u6ce2\u65af\u7063\u7b49\u3002<\/p>

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\u4f69\u7279\u62c9\uff08Petra\uff09\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300c\u5bf6\u5eab\u300d\uff0d\u5361\u8332\u5c3c\u795e\u6bbf\uff08Al Khazneh\uff0c\u53c8\u7a31the Treasury\uff09<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u96d6\u7136\u65e9\u671f\u63a5\u89f8Petra\u4eba\u591a\u7531\u5357\u65b9\u800c\u4f86\uff08\u7d93\u7531\u6c99\u70cf\u5730\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u74b0\u7e5eAaron\u5c71\u7684\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u7a7f\u904ePetra\u5e73\u539f\u800c\u4f86\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5f9e\u5317\u65b9\u9ad8\u5730\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u4f86\u6b64\u62dc\u8a2a\u7684\u4eba\u5247\u5927\u591a\u662f\u7531\u6771\u65b9\u4f86\u5230\u9019\u500b\u53e4\u8001\u666f\u9ede\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6771\u65b9\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u8b93\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\uff0c\u96aa\u5cfb\u5730\u7a7f\u904e\u72f9\u7a84\u3001\u9ed1\u6697\u3001\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u5230\u56db\u82f1\u544e\u5bec\u3001\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u7bad\u77e2\u300d\uff08Siq\uff09\u7684\u5cfd\u8c37\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5929\u7136\u7684\u5730\u7406\u666f\u89c0\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7802\u5ca9\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u9699\u7e2b\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u901a\u5f80Musa\u6cb3\u8c37\uff08Wadi\uff09\u7684\u6c34\u6d41\u7d93\u5e74\u7d2f\u6708\u5730\u5ddd\u6d41\u800c\u904e\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5cfd\u8c37\u7684\u76e1\u982d\uff0c\u5c31\u662fPetra\u6700\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u907a\u8de1\uff0c\u8073\u7acb\u5728\u6c99\u5ca9\u61f8\u5d16\u4e0a\u7cbe\u5fc3\u5288\u51fa\u7684\u300c\u5bf6\u5eab\u300d\uff08Al Khazneh: the Treasury\uff09\u3002<\/p>

\u5c31\u5728\u300c\u5bf6\u5eab\u300d\u4e0d\u9060\u8655\uff0cNejr\u7684\u5c71\u8173\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b8f\u5049\u7684\u5287\u9662\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u8a2d\u8a08\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5893\u76e1\u6536\u773c\u5e95\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u8655\u653e\u773c\u671b\u53bb\uff0c\u525b\u597d\u7531\u5c71\u8c37\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u770b\u5411\u5ee3\u5927\u7684\u5e73\u539f\uff0c\u98a8\u666f\u5341\u5206\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u8277\u3002\u9019\u5ea7\u5713\u5f62\u9732\u5929\u5287\u9662\u662f\u88ab\u5d4c\u5165\u5c71\u8179\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5efa\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5893\u7a74\u3002\u77e9\u5f62\u65b9\u6b63\u7684\u57fa\u5ea7\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u4e09\u9762\u73ab\u7470\u7d05\u7684\u5c71\u58c1\u4f5c\u7246\uff0c\u7531\u5f88\u6df1\u9f9c\u88c2\u5206\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u5854\u9802\u4e0a\u4e26\u6392\u8457\u7531\u5ca9\u77f3\u523b\u6210\u7684\u5713\u7403\u3002\uff08And lined with knobs cut from the rock in the form of towers.\uff09<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u9032\u5165\u4f69\u7279\u62c9\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u5230\u86c7\u9053\uff08Siq\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5efa\u65bc\u897f\u5143\u524d\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5893\u5ba4\uff08Obelisk Tomb\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u5805\u56fa\u5ca9\u77f3\u96d5\u523b\u800c\u6210\u7684\u5169\u5c64\u5893\u5ba4\u3002<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Petra\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u5c1a\u7121\u5b9a\u8ad6\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5176\u4e2d\u9675\u5893\u534a\u57c3\u53ca\u534a\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u6a23\u5f0f\u4f30\u8a08\uff0cPetra\u5927\u6982\u59cb\u5efa\u65bc\u516c\u5143\u524d6\u4e16\u7d00\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6258\u52d2\u5bc6\u738b\u671d\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u5373\u516c\u5143\u524d3\u4e16\u7d00\u5230\u516c\u5143\u524d2\u4e16\u7d00\u3002\u516c\u5143\u524d2\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6258\u52d2\u5bc6\u738b\u671d\u548c\u585e\u7409\u53e4\u738b\u570b\u7684\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u738b\u570b\u958b\u59cb\u8208\u76db\u3002\u516c\u5143106\u5e74\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u738b\u570b\u88ab\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u8ecd\u968a\u653b\u9677\uff0c\u6dea\u70ba\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u7701\u30023\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u85a9\u73ca\u6ce2\u65af\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u548c\u7d05\u6d77\u6d77\u4e0a\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u8208\u76db\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u9678\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u8981\u585e\u7684Petra\u6f38\u6f38\u8870\u843d\uff0c7\u4e16\u7d00\u88ab\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8ecd\u968a\u5f81\u670d\u6642\uff0c\u5df2\u662f\u4e00\u5ea7\u5ee2\u68c4\u7684\u7a7a\u57ce\u300211\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u738b\u570b\u7d71\u6cbb\u8a72\u5730\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u4e16\u7d00\u300213\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u57c3\u53ca\u8607\u4e39\u62dc\u5df4\u723e\u4e00\u4e16\u5230\u904e\u6b64\u5730\u30021812\u5e74\u745e\u58eb\u4ebaJ.L.\u4f2f\u723e\u514b\u54c8\u7279\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u63cf\u8ff0\u8a72\u5730\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u3002<\/p>

\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u8a8d\u5b9a\u6b64\u5730\u7576\u6642\u662f\u5206\u5c01\u7d66Horites\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u5384\u6771\u4eba\uff08Edomites\uff09\u7684\u7956\u5148\uff0c\u6d1e\u7a74\u5c45\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7a74\u5c45\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\u4e5f\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u628a\u904e\u4e16\u7684\u4eba\u57cb\u5728\u534a\u6d1e\u7a74\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\u3002Petra\u548c\u820a\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u585e\u62c9\u300d\uff08Sela\uff09\u610f\u7fa9\u76f8\u540c\uff08\u610f\u7fa9\u4e5f\u662f\u5ca9\u77f3\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u300a\u820a\u7d04\u300b\u4e2d\u7a31\u7684\u300c\u585e\u62c9\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u6885\u745f\u51fa\u57c3\u53ca\u5f8c\u300c\u9ede\u77f3\u51fa\u6c34\u300d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662fPetra\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u300a\u820a\u7d04\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u585e\u62c9\u53ea\u662f\u6307\u5ca9\u77f3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u8a9e\u610f\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u8b49\u5be6\u820a\u7d04\u662f\u5426\u63d0\u5230\u904ePetra\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u963f\u62c9\u7f8e\u8a9e\u7684\u6587\u737b\u7d00\u8f09Petra\u7684\u6771\u5357\u65b9\uff0c\u53ebEl-ji\u7684\u6751\u843d\u624d\u662f\u7576\u6642\u7684\u9996\u90fd\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6751\u843d\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u96e3\u78ba\u5b9a\u7576\u6642\u6240\u7a31\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u54ea\u88e1\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u8208\u596e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u5893\u7a74\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u6700\u65e9\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u5728\u6b64\u5b9a\u5c45\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u3002\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u548c\u5e0c\u81d8\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u5893\u662f\u4e8c\u7a2e\u660e\u986f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u7684\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u6709\u9580\u7684\u5854\u9580\u5893\uff0c\u7528\u9ad8\u5854\u548c\u9ad8\u7246\u7684\u88dd\u98fe\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u6d3b\u4eba\u4f4f\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u671f\u7684\u6f14\u8b8a\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u5df2\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u7576\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90e8\u5206\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u548c\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u7684\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8a31\u591a\u539f\u59cb\u7279\u8272\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e5f\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u9010\u6f38\u8b8a\u6210\u7cbe\u5de7\u7684\u7f85\u99ac\u5edf\u5802\u5f0f\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6642\u671f\u5f88\u96e3\u64ad\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u9451\u5b9a\u756b\u5206\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5893\u662f\u5e0c\u81d8\u524d\u671f\u7684\u6700\u597d\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u6642\u9593\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u65e9\u65bc\u897f\u5143\u524d\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\u3002<\/p>

\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5857\u9d09\u548c\u984c\u5b57\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u540d\u5b57\u3001\u795d\u8cc0\u8a9e\uff09\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u660e\u767c\u5c55\u6975\u65e9\u800c\u4e14\u6563\u5e03\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6587\u5316\u751a\u81f3\u9060\u81f3\u5317\u65b9\u7684\u6b7b\u6d77\u3002\u7279\u5225\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5edf\u5b87\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u984c\u5b57\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u5206\u6790\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u6587\u5316\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u500b\u7a2e\u65cf\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5c31\u518d\u6c92\u6709\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u5176\u4ed6\u907a\u7269\u6216\u6587\u5b78\u5016\u5b58\u4e86\u3002\u6700\u65e9\u63d0\u53ca\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u81eaDiodorus Siculus\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u5c07\u8cbf\u6613\u8def\u7dda\u548c\u5176\u8ca8\u7269\u4f86\u6e90\u8996\u70ba\u5546\u696d\u6a5f\u5bc6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u50b3\u8aaa\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u6599\u662f\u4e0d\u5be6\u7684\uff0c\u537b\u88ab\u5916\u4eba\u8f15\u4fe1\u3002Diodorus Siculus\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u842c\u500b\u6230\u58eb\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u904a\u7267\u6c11\u65cf\u4e2d\u7b97\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u5091\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u843d\u767c\u5c55\u8fb2\u696d\u3001\u4fee\u7406\u623f\u5b50\u3001\u548c\u9152\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4f7f\u7267\u4eba\u53ef\u5728\u300c\u5e78\u798f\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u300d\uff08Arabia Felix\uff0c\u4eca\u8449\u9580\uff09\u4ea4\u6613\u4e73\u9999\u3001\u6c92\u85e5\u4f86\u7d93\u71df\u6d77\u6e2f\u696d\u52d9\uff1b\u4ea6\u5728\u57c3\u53ca\u4ea4\u6613\u6b7b\u6d77\u7684\u701d\u9752\u3002\u65f1\u5730\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u591a\u5ca9\u3001\u6ce5\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u958b\u947f\u7684\u6a3d\u5f62\u84c4\uff08\u96e8\uff09\u6c34\u5854\u4e5f\u662f\u512a\u826f\u7684\u85cf\u8eab\u5730\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6613\u65bc\u4f0f\u64ca\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u3002\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u7684\u8cbf\u6613\u64f4\u5f35\uff0c\u5e36\u4f86\u9060\u81f3\u7d05\u6d77\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5728Petra\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u795e\u90fd\u6b78\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u7684\u795e\u300c\u7368\u6c99\u62ff\u300d\uff08\u610f\u8b70\u300c\u5c71\u795e\u300d\uff09\u548cal-Uzza\uff08\u300c\u5f37\u8005\uff0f\u6700\u6709\u52e2\u529b\u8005\u300d\uff09\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>

\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7d71\u6cbb\u7576\u5730\u7684\u6709\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u3001\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u548c\u6558\u5229\u4e9e\u4eba\u3002\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6307\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u5e74\u4ee3\u662f\u57c3\u53ca\u4ec6\u6258\u52d2\u8cb7\u738b\u671d\uff08Ptolemies\uff09\uff0c\u7d04\u5728\u897f\u5143\u524d\u4e8c\u4e16\u7d00\u7576\u57c3\u53ca\u4ec6\u6258\u52d2\u8cb7\u738b\u671d\u548c\u8272\u5a41\u57fa\uff08Seleucid\uff09\u738b\u671d\u540c\u6642\u8870\u9000\u5f8c\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u738b\u671d\u5c31\u8208\u8d77\u4e86\u3002\u5728Aretas III Philellene\uff0c85\u523060BC\u5e74\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u9322\u5e63\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u884c\uff0c\u5287\u5834\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u7576\u6642\u958b\u767c\u7684\uff0cPetra\u5728\u7576\u6642\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7576Aretas IV Philopatris\uff089BC-AD40\uff09\u7d71\u6cbb\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u65bc\u6280\u8853\u5230\u9054\u4e86\u9802\u5c16\u6c34\u6e96\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8a31\u591a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5893\u88ab\u63a8\u4f30\u70ba\u5c6c\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\u4f69\u7279\u62c9\uff08Petra\uff09\u56e0\u5176\u8d64\u8910\u8272\u7802\u5ca9\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u805e\u540d\uff0c\u5ca9\u77f3\u96a8\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u65e5\u7167\uff0c\u5448\u73fe\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u984f\u8272\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u8910\u8272\u3001\u7d05\u8272\u3001\u6dfa\u85cd\u3001\u6a58\u7d05\u3001\u9ec3\u8272\u3001\u7d2b\u8272\u548c\u7da0\u8272\u7b49\uff0c\u5ca9\u77f3\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u87ba\u65cb\u5f62\u548c\u6ce2\u6d6a\u5f62\u7684\u984f\u8272\u66f2\u7dda\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u5606\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53c8\u6709\u300c\u73ab\u7470\u4e4b\u57ce\u300d\u4e4b\u7f8e\u8b7d\u3002<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\u4f69\u7279\u62c9\uff08Petra\uff09\u86c7\u9053\u7d30\u9577\u7684\u72f9\u7e2b\uff0c\u9b3c\u65a7\u795e\u5de5\u3002<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u6587\u5316<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u5728\u8f1d\u714c\u7684\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587\u5316\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0cPetra\u5728100BC\u5e74\u8fc5\u901f\u5efa\u9020\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u6025\u589e\u81f3\u5169\u842c\u4eba\u3002<\/p>

\u7576\u963f\u65af\u6469\u4e43\u738b\u671d\uff08Hasmoneans\uff1a\u746a\u52a0\u4f2f\u5bb6\u65cf\u6297\u66b4\u5f8c\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u738b\u671d\uff09\u548c\u8272\u5a41\u57fa\uff08Seleucid\uff09\u738b\u671d\u722d\u9b25\u6642\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u662f\u524d\u8005\u7684\u540c\u76df\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u6210\u70ba\u6731\u8fea\u4e9e\u738b\u671d\u5728\u8f1d\u714c\u6642\u671f\u7684\u7af6\u722d\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u72c0\u614b\u5c0e\u81f4Cornelius Palma\u5e72\u6d89\u6731\u8fea\u4e9e\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u88ab\u54c8\u65af\u8292\u7687\u5e1dAlexander Jannaeus\u5f37\u903c\u6539\u4fe1\u7336\u592a\u6559\u3002\u9019\u7687\u5e1d\u5e73\u5b9a\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u53db\u4e82\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fb5\u5360\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u7684\u6469\u62bc\u548cGilead\u5169\u5ea7\u57ce\uff0c\u5fb5\u6536\u7121\u6578\u7684\u8ca2\u54c1\u300290BC\u5e74\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\u5967\u4fdd\u9054\u4e00\u4e16\uff08Obodas I\uff09\u77e5\u9053Alexander Jannaeus\u5c07\u8981\u4f86\u8972\uff0c\u9042\u57cb\u4f0f\u91cd\u5175\u65bcGaulane\uff0c\u4e26\u6210\u529f\u64ca\u6f70\u7336\u592a\u8ecd\u968a\u3002<\/p>

62BC\u6642\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u8ecd\u65b9\u56e0\u70ba\u548c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u7684\u6230\u5f79\u5931\u5229\uff0cMacus Aemilius Scaurus\u63a5\u53d7300\u300c\u5854\u51b7\u901a\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u8cc4\u7d61\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u9664\u570d\u653bPetra\uff08\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u7684\u5730\uff09\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8907\u96dc\u5730\u5f62\u548c\u98df\u7269\u4f9b\u61c9\u77ed\u7f3a\u3002Marcus Aemilius Scaurus\u6d3e\u4e9e\u54e9\u9054\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Aretas III\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\uff09\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u7d04\u7ff0\u2027\u6d77\u5361\u5974\u65af\uff08John Hyrcanus\uff09\u53bb\u5411\u4e9e\u54e9\u9054\u4e09\u4e16\u7e73\u4ea4\u91d1\u9322\u4ee5\u6c42\u548c\u3002\u4e9e\u54e9\u9054\u4e09\u4e16\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u4e26\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9818\u571f\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u99ac\u58eb\u9769\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6210\u70ba\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u8543\u9818\u3002<\/p>

32BC\uff0c\u99ac\u91cc\u5361\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08Malichus II\uff09\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7336\u592a\u884c\u7701\u7684\u5927\u9ed1\u843d\u5fb7\u5728\u514b\u5229\u5967\u5e15\u7279\u62c9\u4e03\u4e16\uff08\u57c3\u53ca\u8c54\u540e\uff09\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u548c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u958b\u6230\u3002\u6230\u4e8b\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u9ed1\u843d\u5fb7\u7684\u8ecd\u968a\u5229\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u9a0e\u5175\u6436\u52ab\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u548c\u5360\u9818\u8fea\u5b89\uff08Dion\uff09\u3002\u7d93\u9019\u632b\u6298\u5f8c\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u8ecd\u968a\u68c4\u5175\u65bc\u5361\u7d0d\u85a9\uff08Kanatha\uff1a\u4eca\u6558\u5229\u4e9e\uff09\u4f46\u88ab\u64ca\u6f70\u3002\u514b\u5229\u5967\u5e15\u7279\u62c9\u4e03\u4e16\u7684\u5c07\u8ecd\u963f\u897f\u5c3c\u5967\uff08Athenio\uff09\u6d3e\u5361\u62ff\u85a9\u4eba\u63f4\u52a9\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\uff0c\u6253\u57ae\u5927\u9ed1\u843d\u5fb7\u738b\u7684\u8ecd\u968a\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u9003\u81f3\u5967\u7c73\u624e\uff08Ormiza\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u5f8c\u5927\u9ed1\u843d\u5fb7\u738b\u7684\u8ecd\u968a\u537b\u53c8\u8e42\u8eaa\u4e86\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u7684\u8ecd\u968a\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u7336\u592a\u5730\u5340\u906d\u53d7\u5730\u9707\u5f8c\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u9020\u53cd\u4e26\u4fb5\u7565\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u9ed1\u843d\u5fb7\u738b\u99ac\u4e0a\u8d8a\u904e\u7d04\u65e6\u6cb3\u5230\u8cbb\u62c9\u5fb7\u723e\u83f2\u4e9e\uff08\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u5b89\u66fc\uff09\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u7d2e\u71df\u5ba3\u6230\u3002\u7531\u963f\u723e\u897f\u9ed8\u65af\uff08Elthemus\uff09\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u62d2\u7d55\u4f5c\u6230\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u9ed1\u843d\u5fb7\u738b\u537b\u4e3b\u52d5\u653b\u64ca\u4e86\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u8ecd\u7684\u71df\u5730\u3002\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u5747\u7121\u5948\u8fce\u6230\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u6f70\u6557\u3002\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u64a4\u9000\u6642\uff0c\u5927\u9ed1\u843d\u5fb7\u738b\u5305\u570d\u5176\u71df\u5730\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u58eb\u5175\u6295\u964d\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u9918\u7684\u60f3\u4ed8500\u5854\u51b7\u901a\u4f5c\u70ba\u6c42\u548c\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u3002\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u8ecd\u56e0\u9577\u671f\u7f3a\u6c34\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u51fa\u71df\u4f5c\u6230\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u518d\u88ab\u6253\u6557\u3002106\u5e74\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u7d42\u88ab\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u8ecd\u968a\u653b\u9677\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u7d0d\u5165\u7336\u592a\u884c\u7701\u3002<\/p>

\u4f5c\u70ba\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u540c\u76df\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7e41\u69ae\u8208\u65fa\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7bc4\u570d\u4f38\u5ef6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u8449\u9580\u4e00\u5e36\uff0c\u800cPetra\u4ecd\u4fdd\u6301\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u300c\u5c3c\u7f85\u6cb3\u5546\u8def\u300d\uff08\u7531\u9081\u5967\u6c99\u9ed8\u65af\u3010\u62c9\u4e01\u8f49\u8b6fMyoshormus\u3011\u81f3\u79d1\u666e\u7279\uff09\u6436\u8d70\u4e0d\u5c11\u751f\u610f\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u4f69\u7279\u62c9\uff08Petra\uff09\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300c\u5bf6\u5eab\u300d\uff0d\u5361\u8332\u5c3c\u795e\u6bbf\uff08Al Khazneh\uff0c\u53c8\u7a31the Treasury\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u86c7\u9053\uff08Siq\uff09\u76e1\u982d\u8655\u3002<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u904e\u4e86\u5361\u8332\u5c3c\u795e\u6bbf\u518d\u5f80\u524d\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u552f\u4e00\u7531\u5ca9\u77f3\u96d5\u947f\u800c\u6210\u7684\u5287\u5834\uff1a\u7f85\u99ac\u5287\u5834\uff08Roman Theatre\uff09<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u6700\u65e9\u656c\u62dc\u7684\u662f\u524d\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u6642\u671f\uff08pre-Islamic times\uff09\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7684\u8af8\u795e\u548c\u5973\u795e\u5011\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c11\u6578\u88ab\u4ed6\u5011\u795e\u6027\u5316\u7684\u541b\u738b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u662fObodas\u4e00\u4e16\uff0c\u4ed6\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5f8c\uff0c\u88ab\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u5c0a\u5949\u70ba\u795e\u3002Dushara\u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7537\u795e\uff0c\u4f34\u6709\u4e09\u4f4d\uff08\u4e00\u9ad4\uff09\u5973\u6027\uff1aUzza, Allat and Manah\u3002\u5728\u77f3\u6d1e\u4e2d\u523b\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u96d5\u50cf\u3002<\/p>

Petra\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7d00\u5ff5\u5efa\u7bc9\uff0c\u51fa\u81ea\u8036\u7a4c\u524d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u300c\u5bfa\u9662\u300d\uff08The Monastery\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u737b\u7d66Obodas\u4e00\u4e16\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u90a3\u662fObodas\u795e\u7684\u9957\u5bb4\u3002\u5728\u5bfa\u9662\u4e2d\u7684\u907a\u8de1\u4e2d\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u51fa\u73fe\u65bcPetra\u6700\u65e9\u53ef\u56de\u6714\u81f3\u7b2c\u56db\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u662fPetra\u88ab\u5efa\u70ba\u8cbf\u6613\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684500\u5e74\u5f8c\u3002\u4e9e\u9054\u7d0d\u524a\uff08Althanasius\uff09\u66fe\u5728\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff08Anhioch. 10\uff09\u63d0\u5230\u904e\u4e00\u4f4dPetra\u7684\u4e3b\u6559\u540d\u70baAsterius\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u5ea7\u53e4\u5893\u66fe\u88ab\u7576\u4f5c\u6559\u5802\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u7d05\u8272\u7684\u7891\u6587\u7d00\u8f09\u8457\u795d\u8056\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u6700\u53ef\u656c\u7684\u4e3b\u6559Jason\u5e74\u4ee3\u300d\uff08447\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u5165\u4fb5\u6642\uff08629-632\uff09\uff0cPetra\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5317\u90e8\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u6383\u9664\u3002<\/p>

\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\u6642\uff0cPetra\u88ab\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u738bBaldwin\u4e00\u4e16\u4f54\u9818\uff0c\u4e26\u6210\u70baAl Karak\u7537\u7235\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u5c01\u5730\u3002\u982d\u929c\u70baCh\u00e2teau de la Val\u00e9e de Moyse\uff08\u6885\u745f\uff09\u6216Sela\uff08\u8cfd\u62c9\uff09\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e4b\u4e0b\u76f4\u52301189\u5e74\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u982d\u929c\u6559\u5340\uff08titular see\uff09\u3002<\/p>

\u6839\u64da\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0cPetra\u662f\u6885\u745f\u4ee5\u5176\u68cd\u6756\u64ca\u77f3\u53d6\u6c34\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u7c73\u9ece\u76ce\u5b89\u846c\u4e4b\u8655\uff08\u6236\u4e8c\u53411-13\uff09\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u7b2c5\u4e16\u7d00\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u6559\u5802\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u5716\uff08Plan of the Byzantine church, 5th cebtury AD\uff09<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u5728\u7f85\u99ac\u7d71\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\uff0cPetra\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u8870\u9000\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d77\u8def\u5546\u9053\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002363\u5e74\u7684\u5730\u9707\u6467\u6bc0\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\uff0c\u640d\u58de\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u6d3b\u6c34\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002Petra\u7684\u5ee2\u589f\u66fe\u662f\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\u4eba\u5011\u597d\u5947\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u57c3\u53ca\u8607\u4e39\u738bBaibars\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u8449\u66fe\u9020\u8a2a\u6b64\u5730\u3002\u6b50\u6d32\u6700\u65e9\u63d0\u53ca\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u662fJohann Ludwig Burckhardt\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u70ba1812\u5e74\u3002<\/p>

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Petra\u56e0\u5176\u8d64\u8910\u8272\u7802\u5ca9\u9ad8\u5c71\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u805e\u540d\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u5448\u73fe\u8910\u8272\u3001\u7d05\u8272\u3001\u6dfa\u85cd\u3001\u6a58\u7d05\u3001\u9ec3\u8272\u3001\u7d2b\u8272\u548c\u7da0\u8272\u7b49\u3002\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u984f\u8272\u800c\u4e14\u626d\u66f2\u5ca9\u5c64\uff0c\u4f7f\u5ca9\u77f3\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u87ba\u65cb\u5f62\u548c\u6ce2\u6d6a\u5f62\u7684\u984f\u8272\u66f2\u7dda\u3002<\/p>

Petra\u53e4\u57ce\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5168\u5728\u5ca9\u77f3\u4e0a\u96d5\u523b\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u5468\u570d\u61f8\u5d16\u7d55\u58c1\u74b0\u7e5e\uff0c\u5165\u53e3\u662f\u4e00\u689d\u9577\u7d041.5\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u72f9\u7a84\u5cfd\u8c37\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u86c7\u9053\u300d\u3002\u5cfd\u8c37\u6700\u5bec\u8655\u7d047\u7c73\uff0c\u6700\u7a84\u8655\u50c52\u7c73\u3002\u4e00\u5bb6\u502b\u6566\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u516c\u53f8\u65bc2004\u5e74\u5728\u6b64\u8a2d\u8a08\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u689d\u9020\u50f9\u4e8c\u767e\u842c\u82f1\u938a\u7684\u904a\u5ba2\u904e\u9053\u3002<\/p>

\u53e4\u57ce\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u5ee3\u5834\uff0c\u5ee3\u5834\u6b63\u9762\u662f\u947f\u5728\u9661\u5ca9\u4e0a\u5b8f\u5049\u7684\u5361\u8332\u5c3c\u795e\u6bbf\u3002\u5165\u53e3\u6709\u7f85\u99ac\u67f1\uff0c\u6bbf\u5167\u6709\u8056\u6bcd\u50cf\u548c\u58c1\u756b\u3002\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u5ea7\u80fd\u5bb9\u7d0d\u5169\u5343\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u7f85\u99ac\u5f0f\u9732\u5929\u5287\u5834\uff0c\u821e\u81fa\u548c\u89c0\u773e\u5e2d\u90fd\u662f\u5f9e\u5ca9\u77f3\u4e2d\u96d5\u947f\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u57ce\u4e2d\u9084\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5bfa\u9662\u3001\u4f4f\u5b85\u3001\u6d74\u5ba4\u3001\u5893\u7a9f\u7b49\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u947f\u5c71\u800c\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u73fe\u72c0<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Petra\u73fe\u6709100\u591a\u540d\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4ecd\u7136\u4f4f\u5728\u6d1e\u7a9f\u88e1\u3002<\/p>

\u76f4\u52301812\u5e74\uff0cPetra\u624d\u88ab\u745e\u58eb\u63a2\u96aa\u5bb6Johann Ludwig Burckhardt\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u800c\u4ecb\u7d39\u7d66\u897f\u65b9\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0dPetra\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728John William Burgon\u5f97\u5230\u725b\u6d25\u6587\u5b78\u734e\u7684\u5341\u56db\u884c\u8a69\u4e2d\uff0c\u66fe\u5f62\u5bb9Petra\u662f\u300c\u6709\u6574\u500b\u6642\u9593\u4e00\u534a\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u73ab\u7470\u7d05\u57ce\u300d\u3002\u300c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6559\u80b2\u79d1\u5b78\u66a8\u6587\u5316\u7d44\u7e54\u300d\uff08UNESCO\uff09\u5df2\u7d93\u628a\u5979\u5217\u5165\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u5316\u907a\u7522\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u57281985\u5e74\u4e26\u88ab\u516c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u907a\u8de1\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cPetra\u4e5f\u88ab\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u65bcUNESCO\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\u300c\u65b0\u958b\u653e\u4e16\u754c\u7d44\u7e54\u300d\uff08New Open World Corporation\uff09\u5ba3\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u65b0\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e03\u5927\u907a\u8de1\u300d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>

2006\u5e74\u4e00\u500b\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u5718\u968a\u958b\u59cb\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u65c5\u5ba2\u4e2d\u5fc3\u300d\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5305\u88dd\u7684\u5047\u65e5\u89c0\u5149\u884c\u7a0b\uff0c\u7d04\u65e6\u9810\u671f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u89c0\u5149\u6536\u5165\u5c07\u51fa\u73fe\u6232\u5287\u6027\u7684\u6210\u9577\u3002\u300c\u7d04\u65e6\u6642\u5831\u300d\uff08Jordan Times\uff092006\u5e7412\u6708\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u57282006\u5e7410\u548c11\u6708\u5169\u500b\u6708\u7684\u89c0\u5149\u4eba\u6578\u70ba59,000\u4eba\uff0c\u6bd4\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u540c\u6642\u671f\u5c11\u4e8625%\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9020\u6210\u89c0\u5149\u5ba2\u6e1b\u5c11\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4e2d\u6771\u5730\u5340\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u60c5\u6cc1\u8207\u5c0d\u65bc\u65c5\u904a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u9867\u616e\u3002<\/p>

\u9019\u500b\u5982\u8a69\u5982\u756b\u7684\u666f\u9ede\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u89c0\u5149\u5730\uff0c\u4e26\u6210\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u8457\u540d\u85dd\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5f71\u7247\u6709\uff1a\u300cIndiana Jones and the Last Crusade\u300d\u3001\u300cPassion in the Desert and Sinbad\u300d\u3001\u300cThe Eye of the Tiger\u300d\u3001\u300cThe Sisters of Mercy\u300d\uff1b\u9304\u5f71\u5e36\uff1a\u300cDominion\u300d\uff1b\u96fb\u5b50\u904a\u6232\uff1a\u300cSpy Hunter\u300d\uff1b\u6216\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff1a\u300cLeft Behind\u300d\u3001\u300cAppointment with Death\u300d\u3001\u300cThe Red Sea Sharks\u300d\u3001\u300cThe Adventures of Tintin\u300d\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340 \u4f69\u7279\u62c9 \u4f69\u7279\u62c9\uff08Petra\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u5e0c\u81d8\u8a9e\u03a0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u662f\u300c\u5ca9\u77f3\u300d\uff1b\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8a9e\uff1a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0621\uff09\u662f\u7d04\u65e6\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u53e4\u57ce\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u5b89\u66fc\u5357250\u516c\u91cc\u8655\uff0c\u96b1\u85cf\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8c37\u6771\u5074\u7684\u4e00\u689d\u5ef6\u81ea\u6b7b\u6d77\u81f3\u4e9e\u5580\u5df4\u7063\u7684\u72f9\u7a84\u5cfd\u8c37\u5167\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u662f\u5176\u77f3\u96d5\u5efa\u7bc9\u3002 \u5730\u7406 Petra\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u540d\u5b57\u662fRekem\uff0c\u548cMount Seir\u76f8\u9023\u7684\u6b7b\u6d77\u5377\u8ef8\u66fe\u6709\u8a18\u8f09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cEusebius\u548cJerome\u4e5f\u66fe\u5ba3\u7a31Rekem\u662fPetra\u7684\u672c\u540d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6Josephus, Pliny the Elder\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u6307\u51faPetra\u662f\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\uff08Nebataeans\uff1a\u8aaa\u963f\u62c9\u7f8e\u8a9e\u7684\u65cf\u4eba\uff09\u7684\u9996\u90fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u6642\u5546\u968a\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002Petra\u88ab\u9ad8\u8073\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u8207\u5e38\u5e74\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u6eaa\u6d41\u74b0\u7e5e\u5305\u570d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5929\u7136\u5c4f\u969c\u4f7f\u5979\u6210\u70ba\u5b89\u5168\u5821\u58d8\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u7531\u65bc\u4f4d\u5c45\u4ea4\u901a\u6a1e\u7d10\uff0c\u800c\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5546\u696d\u9053\u8def\uff1a\u897f\u5f80\u8fe6\u5357\u3001\u5317\u901aBosra\u548c\u5927\u99ac\u58eb\u9769\u3001\u7d93\u7531Aqaba\u548cLeuce\u524d\u5f80\u7d05\u6d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u8d8a\u6c99\u6f20\u901a\u5f80\u6ce2\u65af\u7063\u7b49\u3002 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Khazneh: the Treasury\uff09\u3002 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Siculus\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u5c07\u8cbf\u6613\u8def\u7dda\u548c\u5176\u8ca8\u7269\u4f86\u6e90\u8996\u70ba\u5546\u696d\u6a5f\u5bc6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u50b3\u8aaa\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u6599\u662f\u4e0d\u5be6\u7684\uff0c\u537b\u88ab\u5916\u4eba\u8f15\u4fe1\u3002Diodorus Siculus\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7d0d\u5df4\u6cf0\u4eba\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u842c\u500b\u6230\u58eb\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u904a\u7267\u6c11\u65cf\u4e2d\u7b97\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u5091\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u843d\u767c\u5c55\u8fb2\u696d\u3001\u4fee\u7406\u623f\u5b50\u3001\u548c\u9152\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4f7f\u7267\u4eba\u53ef\u5728\u300c\u5e78\u798f\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u300d\uff08Arabia 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